Skip to Main Content
It looks like you're using Internet Explorer 11 or older. This website works best with modern browsers such as the latest versions of Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge. If you continue with this browser, you may see unexpected results.
University Libraries
MSU Home | myGate | RacerNet | Canvas
Facebook Twitter Youtube Instagram Pinterest

Citation Styles

A guide to some of the citation styles

IEEE Style Manual

In-Text Citations

The citation should be numbered in square brackets, eg.[1] or [26]  in the order in which they appear in the text.

Each reference number should be enclosed in square brackets on the same line as the text, before any punctuation.

Once a source has been cited, the same number is used in all subsequent references.

"...end of the line for my research [13]."

"Several recent studies [3, 4, 15, 16] have suggested that..."

Reference List

  • Title your list as References either centered or aligned left at the top of the page.
  • References should be listed numerically by the first appearance within the text
  • Create a hanging indent for each reference with the bracketed numbers flush with the left side of the page. The hanging indent highlights the numerical sequence of your references.
  • The author's name is listed as first initial, last name. 
  • The title of an article is listed in quotation marks.
  • The title of a journal or book is listed in italics.

Books and Media

[#] Author(s), Title: Subtitle, Edition(if not the first), vol.(if a multivolume work). Place of publication: Publisher, Year, Page number(s)

Single Author 

[1] A. Winford, AI: A Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2015.

Two or More Authors

[2] M. Smith and S. A. Wilson, Robots: a Guide. Berlin: Springer, 2016.

No Author

[3] The Oxford Dictionary of Construction, Surveying and Civil Engineering, 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.

Edited Work

[5] D. Yang, Ed., Lasers. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1999.

Online Book

[6] S. Calm. (1996, June 1). Engineering (2nd edition). [Online]. 27(3). Available: www.enggart.com/examples/students.html [May 21, 2003].

 

 

 

[2] L. Stein, “Random patterns,” in Computers and You, J. S. Brake, Ed. New York: Wiley, 1994, pp. 55-70.

[#] A. A. Person, Responsibility (if appropriate), Title: Subtitle, Date of broadcast (if appropriate) [Format]. Special credits (if appropriate). Place of publication: Publisher, Year

Radio
[1] R. Aedy, Interviewer, D. Hector, Interviewee, and S. Clark, Producer, "The future of engineering," The Buzz, 25 Sept., 2004 [Radio broadcast]. Sydney: ABC Radio.

Audio recordings
[2] D. Fisher, Writer, and T. Baker, Presenter, Doctor Who and the Creature From the Pit [Sound recording]. Bath, UK: BBC Audiobooks, 2009.

Home video
[3] I. Holm, Narrator, and J. Fullerton-Smith, Producer, How to Build a Human [DVD]. London: BBC; 2002.

TV 
[4] T. Jones and P. Williams, Reporters, BP releases report into Gulf of Mexico oil spill. Lateline, 8 Sept., 2010 [Television broadcast]. Sydney: ABC1 Television.

 

[#] A. A. Person OR Screen name. "Title of video," YouTube OR Vimeo, Date video uploaded, Year. [Video file]. Available: internet address of specific video. [Accessed: Month Day, Year].

[1] HDCYT. "Charlie bit my finger - again !," YouTube, May. 22, 2007 [Video file]. Available:https://youtu.be/_OBlgSz8sSM [Accessed: Jan. 28, 2014].